Dangane da tsarin samar da kayan aikin injin, kayan aikin injin sun kasu kashi 11: lathes, injunan hakowa, injunan ban sha'awa, injin nika, injin sarrafa kaya, injin zare, injin niƙa, injunan slotting planer, injin buɗaɗɗen ruwa, injin saƙa da sauran su. kayan aikin injin.A cikin kowane nau'in kayan aikin injin, an raba shi zuwa ƙungiyoyi da yawa bisa ga kewayon tsari, nau'in shimfidawa da aikin tsarin, kuma kowane rukuni ya kasu kashi da yawa.Amma shin foda na zinariya sun san tarihin ci gaban waɗannan kayan aikin injin?A yau, editan zai yi magana da ku game da labarun tarihi na masu yin gyare-gyare, masu niƙa, da matsi.
1. Mai tsarawa
A cikin tsarin ƙirƙira, abubuwa da yawa sau da yawa suna haɗuwa da juna: don kera injin tururi, ana buƙatar taimakon na'ura mai ban sha'awa;bayan ƙirƙirar injin tururi, ana sake kiran gantry planer dangane da buƙatun tsari.Ana iya cewa ƙirar injin tururi ce ta haifar da ƙira da haɓaka "na'urar aiki" daga injuna masu ban sha'awa da lathes zuwa gantry planers.A gaskiya ma, mai jirgin sama "jirgin sama" ne wanda ke tsara karfe.
1. Gantry planer don sarrafa manyan jirage (1839) Saboda buƙatar sarrafa jirgin sama na kujerun injin tururi, masana fasaha da yawa sun fara nazarin wannan al'amari tun farkon karni na 19, ciki har da Richard Robert, Richard Pula Special, James Fox da kuma Joseph Clement, da dai sauransu, sun fara ne a cikin 1814 kuma sun kera jirgin gantry a cikin shekaru 25 da kansu.Wannan na'urar gantry ita ce gyara abin da aka sarrafa a kan dandamalin da ake maimaitawa, kuma mai jirgin ya yanke gefe ɗaya na abin da aka sarrafa.Duk da haka, wannan mai shirin ba shi da na'urar ciyar da wuka, kuma yana kan aiwatar da canzawa daga "kayan aiki" zuwa "na'ura".A shekara ta 1839, wani Bature mai suna Bodmer a ƙarshe ya kera wani jirgin saman gantry da na'urar ciyar da wuka.
2. Wani Bature Neismith, ya ƙirƙira tare da kera na'urar sarrafa fuskoki a cikin shekaru 40 daga 1831. Yana iya gyara abin da aka sarrafa akan gado, kuma kayan aikin yana motsawa da baya.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, saboda ingantuwar kayan aiki da kuma fitowar injinan lantarki, injinan gantry sun ɓullo a cikin hanyar yanke sauri mai sauri da daidaitaccen tsari a gefe guda, kuma a wani ɓangaren ci gaba mai girma.
2. Niƙa
Nika tsohuwar dabara ce da ɗan adam ya sani tun zamanin da.An yi amfani da wannan fasaha don niƙa kayan aikin dutse a cikin Paleolithic Age.Daga baya, tare da yin amfani da kayan aikin ƙarfe, an haɓaka fasahar niƙa.Koyaya, ƙirar injin niƙa na gaske har yanzu abu ne na kwanan nan.Ko a farkon karni na 19, mutane har yanzu sun yi amfani da dutsen niƙa na halitta don sa shi tuntuɓar kayan aikin don niƙa.
1. Na'urar niƙa ta farko (1864) A shekara ta 1864, ƙasar Amurka ta yi injin niƙa ta farko a duniya, wadda ita ce na'urar da ke sanya injin niƙa a kan ma'aunin faifan kayan aikin lathe, kuma ta sa ta zama na'urar watsawa ta atomatik.Bayan shekaru 12, Brown a Amurka ya kirkiro wani injin niƙa na duniya wanda ke kusa da injin niƙa na zamani.
2. Grindstone na Wucin gadi - Haihuwar Grinding Wheel (1892) Buƙatar Grindstone na Wucin gadi shima yana tasowa.Yadda za a haɓaka dutse mai laushi wanda ya fi juriya fiye da dutse na halitta?A cikin 1892, Acheson na Amurka ya yi nasarar yin gwajin silikon carbide da aka yi da coke da yashi, wanda shine dutsen niƙa na wucin gadi wanda yanzu ake kira C abrasive;shekaru biyu bayan haka, Abrasive tare da alumina a matsayin babban bangaren da aka yi gwaji.Nasarar, ta wannan hanya, an yi amfani da injin niƙa sosai.
Daga baya, saboda ƙarin inganta bearings da jagorar dogo, daidaitaccen injin niƙa ya zama mafi girma da girma, kuma ya ci gaba a cikin jagorancin ƙwarewa.Na'ura mai nisa ta ciki, injin daskarewa, na'urorin nadi, injin injin kaya, injin duniya, da sauransu.
3. Injin hakowa
1. Tsohuwar injin hakowa - fasahar hakowa "baka da reel" tana da dogon tarihi.Masu binciken kayan tarihi yanzu sun gano cewa mutane ne suka ƙirƙiro na'urar da za a yi naushi a cikin 4000 BC.Magabata sun kafa katako a kan wasu madaidaita biyu, sannan suka rataya wata awal mai jujjuyawa zuwa kasa daga katakon, sannan suka raunata alwalar da igiyar baka don su fitar da alwalar ta jujjuya, ta yadda za a rika huda ramuka a itace da dutse.Ba da da ewa ba, mutane sun kuma ƙera kayan aikin naushi da ake kira “Roller wheel”, wanda kuma ya yi amfani da igiyar baka na roba don yin jujjuyawar awl.
2. Na'urar hakowa ta farko (Whitworth, 1862) ta kasance a kusa da 1850, kuma Martignoni na Jamus ya fara yin rawar motsa jiki don hakar ƙarfe;a baje koli na kasa da kasa da aka gudanar a birnin Landan na kasar Ingila a shekara ta 1862, The British Whitworth ta nuna rawar gani da rawar da wata babbar ma'aikaciyar simintin karfe ke tukawa, wanda ya zama abin koyi na aikin buga bututun na zamani.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, injinan hakowa iri-iri sun bayyana daya bayan daya, wadanda suka hada da injinan hakowa na radial, injinan hakowa da injinan ciyarwa ta atomatik, da na'urorin hako ma'adanai masu yawa wadanda za su iya hako ramuka da yawa a lokaci guda.Godiya ga haɓaka kayan aiki da ɗigogi, da kuma ƙaddamar da injunan lantarki, an samar da manyan injinan dillalai masu girma.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-13-2022